• Another mechanism underlying on the toxicity of dopaminergic

  2020-11-11

  

  Another mechanism underlying on the toxicity of dopaminergic neurons might be related to dopamine-dependent initial oxidative stress [60]. Dopamine SB 203580 hydrochloride mediated by monoamine oxidase (MAO) can produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product, and excess dopamine can undergo auto-oxidati

• Here we uncover a highly diverse

  2020-11-11

  

  Here we uncover a highly diverse superfamily of self-replicating MGEs, dubbed pipolins, which are present in three major bacterial phyla, as well as in mitochondria, and encode divergent PolB carrying TPR1 and TPR2 subdomains. Biochemical characterization of a representative enzyme encoded by a pipo

• The present work shows that normal climatic conditions are

  2020-11-11

  

  The present work shows that normal climatic conditions are not critical for the long time survival of DNA in untreated blood stains. This information may be useful for laboratories who wish to store reference blood samples in a simple way, while saving the costs of commercial substrates that are tre

• The overall poor outcomes in ESCC are thought because

  2020-11-11

  

  The overall poor outcomes in ESCC are thought because of a combination of late diagnosis, aggressiveness of the disease, and a lack of effective treatment strategies for systemic disease. Several molecular pathways, such as epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and p5

• Experiments on the rat model of

  2020-11-11

  

  Experiments on the rat model of E. coli pyelonephritis, performed to investigate the relationship between the acute inflammatory processes and the permanent kidney damage (Brooks et al., 1974), have demonstrated a positive correlation between the degree of free radical-mediated renal injury and the

• During DNA replication p protein binds PCNA in its role

  2020-11-11

  

  During DNA replication p21 protein binds PCNA, in its role as processivity factor, to stop replication when there is DNA damage, and apparently p21 also binds PCNA when this is in complex with Cyc/CDKs [11]. In plants, KRPs (functional analogs of p21), inhibit kinase activity in CycD/CDKs complexes

• The importance of G S phase progression to the

  2020-11-11

  

  The importance of G1–S phase progression to the formation of malignant tumors has been highlighted by the high incidence of aberrations in the genes involved in this progression in a wide variety of tumors. p27Kip1 is a member of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI). Its ro

• Based on the ability of

  2020-11-11

  

  Based on the ability of CRF to modulate nociception, we hypothesized that stress leads to hyperalgesia by the activation of CRF1 and/or CRF2 receptors in the spinal cord. We tested this hypothesis using an acute forced swim as a widely used and easily reproducible stressor and grip force as a measur

• Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine

  2020-11-11

  

  Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine are mediated by the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways (Di Chiara, 2000, Di Chiara et al., 2004). The nigrostriatal pathway originates in the dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra and terminates in the putamen and nucleus caudatus which

• The aim of this study was to use

  2020-11-11

  

  The aim of this study was to use molecular methods to characterise C. difficile isolates circulating in the Czech Republic from 2013 to 2015. Material and methods Discussion During a three-year period (2013–2015) a total of 32 hospitals voluntarily participated in this project, but only 11 ho

• The present results are potentially relevant

  2020-11-11

  

  The present results are potentially relevant for understanding anxiety disorders and their treatment. Both COMT Val158Met (Lonsdorf and Kalisch, 2011, Montag et al., 2012) and neuroticism/anxiety (Clark et al., 1994, Mineka et al., 1998, Weinstock and Whisman, 2006) have been linked to the prevalenc

• The cholinergic system has been shown to play a

  2020-11-11

  

  The cholinergic system has been shown to play a role in regulation of the inflammatory response [13] as well as in the influence of the metabolism of PCa cells [14]. The reduced activity of cholinesterase (ChoE) and the consequent increased amount of glycogen synthase kinase 3 has been shown to lea

• Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is un

  2020-11-11

  

  Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is undisputed, although largely over looked in the cancer therapeutics field focused on DNA-damage induced by ionizing radiation or drug treatment. Regions of hypoxia occur during a range of diverse biological situations including embryogenesis

• Introduction Breast cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy

  2020-11-11

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy. There are some recognized risk factors for breast cancer, like early menarche or late menopause, which increase the length of the exposure to hormones, as a result of a higher number of ovarian cycles [1]. Moreover, there is evidence supp

• Previously we have shown that the overexpression of ERR indu

  2020-11-10

  

  Previously, we have shown that the overexpression of ERRγ induces exercise-like oxidative muscle remodeling without engaging changes in the expression level or activity of PGC1α (Narkar et al., 2011). In this study, overexpression of ERRγ in PKO muscle reveals that ERRγ-activated target genes can ac

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