• Injurious effects of cigarette smoke CS

  2021-04-22

  

  Injurious effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on human health are progressively being acknowledged both in animal and human studies. CS is a highly complex mixture that contains substantive amounts of toxic oxidants, nitric oxide, organic compounds, free radicals and microbial cell components including

• Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine

  2021-04-22

  

  Some of the psychoactive actions of nicotine are mediated by the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways (Di Chiara, 2000, Di Chiara et al., 2004). The nigrostriatal pathway originates in the dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra and terminates in the putamen and nucleus caudatus which

• Introduction It has been well

  2021-04-22

  

  Introduction It has been well stablished the role of CRF in somatic pain regulation (Yarushkina et al., 2011, Yarushkina et al., 2016). However, the effects of CRF in pain relief are controversial and it has been described anti- and pronociceptive effects (Ji et al., 1995, Larauche et al., 2009, Ni

• Perturbations in cell cycle are

  2021-04-22

  

  Perturbations in Misoprostol are known to induce apoptosis. Our results show that a fraction of the DT40YB-1b+/− cells, in addition to becoming tetraploids, undergo apoptotic cell death. Similar observations linking polyploidy and apoptosis have been made in the past [23], [30], [31], [32], [33], [

• Multiple technologies exist for analyzing the contents

  2021-04-21

  

  Multiple technologies exist for analyzing the contents of single cells, including single-cell DNA sequencing, RNA expression analysis, and protein level and activity measurements (Hu et al., 2018; Narrandes & Xu, 2018; Ortega et al., 2017; Wang & Navin, 2015). Single-cell DNA sequencing is generally

• Gene expression profiling with corresponding clinical data s

  2021-04-21

  

  Gene alvocidib profiling with corresponding clinical data supported the notion that increased expression of S1PR1 in DLBCL was associated with poor outcome [159], [160], [161]. These studies also identified increased expression of the GPCRs GPR183, CCR7, ADRB2 and CNR2 as risk factors for poor outc

• get married The idea that ASB can drive compartment

  2021-04-21

  

  The idea that ASB11 can drive compartment expansion in the CNS is further supported by in vitro work in human neuronal precursors. Nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma get married [11] and RA-induced human pluripotent teratocarcinoma carcinoma (NT2) cells [12]

• Dysfunction of the ubiquitin proteasome

  2021-04-21

  

  Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system causes abnormal organelle morphology and impairs sperm formation and maturation steps resulting in male infertility [[7], [8], [9]]; this indicates that ubiquitination is essential for spermatogenesis and sperm function during fertilization. β-catenin i

• As mentioned above there are two major pathways for

  2021-04-21

  

  As mentioned above, there are two major pathways for the DSB repair in mammalian cells, NHEJ and HR/HDR (homology-directed repair) [13], [51]. NHEJ is active throughout the cell cycle, predominately during the G0 and G1 phases and is considered the major pathway for the DSB repair in human cells [52

• br Material and methods br

  2021-04-21

  

  Material and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements S. De thanks DST, New Delhi for generous grant of the SERC Fast Track Scheme No. SR/FT/CS-057/2008. R. Kundu thanks the University of Kalyani for financial assistance. We are grateful to Prof. K. Bhattacharyya of IA

• 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol br Authors contributions br Ackno

  2021-04-21

  

  Authors’ contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Retinoic 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol is a key signalling molecule in healthy development and in differentiation of stem cells, albeit uncontrolled levels of retinoic acid can lead to mutagenesis [1]. In eukaryotes retinoic acid is made by

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-04-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion CDK4 has been identified recently as a potential therapeutic target in human breast cancer, liposarcoma, melanoma, and glioblastoma [[37], [38], [39]]. Due to the importance of CDK4 activity in cancer cells, CDK4 inhibitors have emerged as promising

• The inhibition of FAS by C produces an accumulation

  2021-04-21

  

  The inhibition of FAS by C75 produces an accumulation of malonyl-CoA which is difficult to reconcile with the activation of CPT1 reported by others [2], [16], [17], [18]. To unravel this paradox the mechanism of action of C75 needs to be examined. We recently demonstrated that C75 is converted in v

• In the last and the most challenging part three

  2021-04-21

  

  In the last and the most challenging part, three mixtures were selected to evaluate the reliability of the presented correlation and the CPA model. For Athabasca bitumen, Amani et al. [25] measured the experimental data at very high temperatures compared to the thermal recovery range up to 644 K (ne

• Introduction The COMT gene is located on chromosomal band

  2021-04-21

  

  Introduction The COMT gene is located on chromosomal band 22q11.2, extends over 28 kb, contains six exons, and encodes for catechol-O-methyl-transferase (Weinshilboum and Raymond, 1977; Grossman et al., 1992; Lundström et al., 1995; Bearden et al., 2005). This enzyme plays a major role in regulatio

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